Etymology : Middle English surgerie, from Middle French cirurgie, surgerie, from Latin chirurgia, from Greek cheirourgia, from cheirourgos surgeon, from cheirourgos doing by hand, from cheir hand + ergon work; more at CHIR-, WORK
Pronunciation : 's&rj-rE, 's&r-j&-
Function : noun
Date : 14th century
1. treatment of diseases and injuries by medical operation; operation performed by a surgeon; room in which surgical operations are performed. tree surgery.
2. The art of healing by manual operation; that branch of medical science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases or injuries of the body; that branch of medical science which has for its object the cure of local injuries or diseases, as wounds or fractures, tumors, etc., whether by manual operation or by medicines and constitutional treatment.
3. A surgeon's operating room or laboratory. a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted; "he read the warning in the doctor's surgery" the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures; "he is professor of surgery at the Harvard Medical School".
4. 1. Surgery is medical treatment in which someone's body is cut open so that a doctor can repair, remove, or replace a diseased or damaged part. His father has just recovered from heart surgery Mr Clark underwent five hours of emergency surgery. see also:
cosmetic surgery, keyhole surgery, plastic surgery.
5. A surgery is the room or house where a doctor or dentist works. Bill was in the doctor's surgery demanding to know what was wrong with him.
6. A doctor's surgery is the period of time each day when a doctor sees patients at his or her surgery. His surgery always ends at eleven.
7. In Britain, when someone such as an MP or a local councillor holds a surgery, they go to an office where members of the public can come and talk to them about problems or issues that concern them.
8. A surgery is the room in a hospital where surgeons operate on their patients. Branch of medicine concerned with treatment by physical means rather than drugs. In addition to operations requiring access to the inside of the body (open surgery), it includes manipulation from outside the body (e.g., setting of a broken bone, skin grafts). Modern surgery began in the mid-19th century with use of anesthetics and antiseptics. Other important advances have included diagnostic imaging, blood typing, intubation to support breathing, intravenous administration of fluids and drugs, heart-lung machines (see:
artificial heart), endoscopy, and devices that monitor body functions. Specialized instruments used in surgery include scalpels to cut tissue, forceps to hold blood vessels closed or grasp and manipulate structures, clamps to immobilize or crush tissues, gauze sponges to absorb fluids and keep an area dry, retractors to hold incisions open, and curved needles to suture them closed. Pre-and postoperative care is crucial to the success of surgery. See also microsurgery, open-heart surgery, orthopedics, plastic surgery, transplant. orthopedic surgery open heart surgery plastic surgery.